To make this Smart List, go to ☰ 🡒 Smart Lists, add a new one, and in the Smart List dialog select the advanced filter at the very bottom of the filters list.
Then select "matches" from the dropdown menu and add the following to the input field before saving.
scheduleDate endOfWeek 1 - == scheduleDate endOfWeek == ||
What this smart list does is compare the schedule/do date of the item with the dates that mark the start and the end of the current week.
To have tasks grouped by dates, as shown on the first screenshot, choose "Group by schedule date" using the dropdown menu at the top under the smart list's name.
Useful articles for creating your own smart lists: